Why Class Size Matters in Elementary Schools (and What Teachers Can Do About It)

Class size is one of the biggest factors shaping the daily life of students and teachers in American elementary schools. From student growth and behavior to a teacher’s ability to differentiate instruction, the number of children in a classroom truly matters.

But what happens when your class is larger than ideal? And how can teachers start productive conversations with administrators about this challenge? Let’s dive in.

Student Growth: Why Smaller Classes Work Best

Smaller classes allow teachers to give more individualized attention, tailor instruction, and build relationships. Research shows that early grades benefit the most from smaller groups:

Ideal Class Sizes (According to Research):

• Kindergarten–3rd Grade: 15–18 students for optimal literacy and math gains

• 4th–5th Grade: 20–22 students

• 6th Grade and up: 23–25 students is manageable for many subjects

When class sizes rise above these numbers, it’s harder to catch struggling learners early, provide enrichment for advanced students, and keep everyone engaged.

Behavior Management Challenges in Large Classes

Behavior issues tend to increase as class size grows. More students mean:

• More personalities to balance

• Higher noise levels and distractions

• Less time for relationship-building

In smaller classes, teachers can create stronger connections with students and foster a sense of community. In large classes, even experienced teachers may feel like they’re constantly putting out fires instead of teaching.

Differentiation: Harder in a Big Class, But Not Impossible

Differentiation—adjusting lessons to meet diverse learning needs—is essential but much more challenging in crowded rooms. Teachers in large classes often lack the time and resources to provide:

• Small-group instruction

• Individual feedback

• Flexible pacing for different learners

  
  

Tips for Talking to Administrators About Class Size

If your class is bigger than ideal, here’s how to start the conversation:

✅ Come With Data – Share research on ideal class sizes and their impact on achievement. Use local examples if possible.

✅ Frame It Around Students – Focus on how smaller groups would improve learning outcomes, safety, and behavior—not just teacher workload.

✅ Suggest Solutions – Propose creative options like hiring aides, splitting groups for certain subjects, or creating smaller intervention groups.

✅ Build Alliances – Work with other teachers and parents to advocate together for reasonable class sizes.

Survival Tips for Teachers With Large Classes

When smaller class sizes aren’t an option, these strategies can make a big class more manageable:

✅ Build Routines Early – Teach clear procedures from day one to minimize chaos.

✅ Use Small Groups Strategically – Even in a big class, rotating students through small-group stations allows for more individualized teaching.

✅ Leverage Technology – Use apps and online tools to help with grading, feedback, and student engagement.

✅ Prioritize Relationships – Learn student names quickly, use “check-in” moments, and find small ways to connect with each child.

✅ Ask for Help – Request parent volunteers, cross-grade buddies, or instructional aides when possible.

✅ Practice Self-Care – Large classes are draining. Set boundaries and find time to recharge outside of school.

Final Thoughts

While smaller classes are ideal for student growth and teacher effectiveness, the reality in many schools is far from perfect. By advocating for change and using smart strategies, teachers can still create meaningful learning experiences—even in crowded classrooms.

Remember: You are making a difference every single day.

What’s the biggest challenge you’ve faced with a large class? Share your story and your favorite survival tip in the comments!